rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 1 of 10 www.xicor.com a pplication n ote a v a i l a b l e low noise, 32 taps X9316 digitally-controlled (xdcp?) potentiometer features ? solid-state potentiometer ? three-wire serial interface ? low noise ? 32 wiper tap points wiper position stored in nonvolatile memory and recalled on power-up ? 31 resistive elements temperature compensated end to end resistance range 20% terminal voltages, -5v to +5v ? low power cmos v cc = 5v active current, 3ma max. standby current, 1a max. ? high reliability endurance, 100,000 data changes per bit register data retention, 100 years ?r total values = 1k w , and 10k w ? packages 14-lead soic and dip description the xicor X9316 is a digitally-controlled (xdcp) potentiometer. the device consists of a resistor array, wiper switches, a control section, and nonvolatile memory. the wiper position is controlled by a three- wire interface. the potentiometer is implemented by a resistor array composed of 31 resistive elements and a wiper switching network. between each element and at either end are tap points accessible to the wiper terminal. the position of the wiper element is controlled by the cs , u/d , and inc inputs. the position of the wiper can be stored in nonvolatile memory and then be recalled upon a subsequent power-up operation. the device can be used as a three-terminal potentiometer or as a two-terminal variable resistor in a wide variety of applications including: C control C parameter adjustments C signal processing block diagram 5-bit up/down counter 5-bit nonvolatile memory store and recall control circuitry one of decoder resistor array r h /v h u/d inc cs transfer gates thirty two v cc v ss r l /v l r w /v w control and memory up/down (u/d ) increment (inc ) device select (cs ) v cc v ss r h /v h r w /v w r l /v l general detailed 0 1 2 28 29 30 31 v+ vC v+ v- an99, an115, an120, an124, an133, an134, an135 xdcp is a trademark of xicor, inc.
X9316 rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 2 of 10 www.xicor.com pin descriptions r h /v h and r l /v l the high (r h /v h ) and lo w (r l /v l ) ter minals of the X9316 are equiv alent to the ? x ed ter minals of a mechanical potentiometer . the minim um v oltage is vC and the maxim um is v+. the ter minology of r l /v l and r h /v h ref erences the relativ e position of the ter minal in relation to wiper mo v ement direction selected b y the u/ d input and not the v oltage potential on the ter minal. r w /v w r w /v w is the wiper ter minal and is equiv alent to the mo v ab le ter minal of a mechanical potentiometer . the position of the wiper within the arr a y is deter mined b y the control inputs . the wiper ter minal ser ies resistance is typically 100 w . up/down (u/ d ) the u/ d input controls the direction of the wiper mo v ement and whether the counter is incremented or decremented. increment ( inc ) the inc input is negativ e-edge tr iggered. t oggling inc will mo v e the wiper and either increment or decrement the counter in the direction indicated b y the logic le v el on the u/ d input. chip select ( cs ) the de vice is selected when the cs input is lo w . the current counter v alue is stored in non v olatile memor y when cs is retur ned high while the inc input is also high. after the store oper ation is complete the X9316 will be placed in the lo w po w er standb y mode until the de vice is selected once again. v+, vC (analog positive/negative power supply) v+ and vC are the analog supply v oltages f or the xdcp . pin configuration pin names symbol description r h /v h high terminal r w /v w wiper terminal r l /v l low terminal v ss ground v cc digital supply voltage u/ d up/down control input inc increment control input cs chip select control input v+ positive analog voltage vC negative analog voltage nc no connection 14-lead dip/soic nc v cc cs v + nc nc inc u/ d r h v h v ss v- nc 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 X9316 r l v l r w v w
X9316 rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 3 of 10 www.xicor.com principles of operation there are three sections of the X9316: the input control, counter and decode section; the non v olatile memor y; and the resistor arr a y . the input control section oper ates just lik e an up/do wn counter . the output of this counter is decoded to tur n on a single electronic s witch connecting a point on the resistor arr a y to the wiper output. under the proper conditions the contents of the counter can be stored in non v olatile memor y and retained f or future use . the resistor arr a y is compr ised of 31 individual resistors connected in ser ies . at either end of the arr a y and betw een each resistor is an electronic s witch that tr ansf ers the connection at that point to the wiper . the wiper , when at either ? x ed ter minal, does not mo v e be y ond the last position. that is , the counter does not wr ap around when cloc k ed to either e xtreme . the electronic s witches on the de vice oper ate in a mak e bef ore break mode when the wiper changes tap positions . if the wiper is mo v ed se v er al positions , m ultiple taps are connected to the wiper f or t iw (inc to v w change). the r t o t al v alue f or the de vice can tempor ar ily be reduced b y a signi? cant amount if the wiper is mo v ed se v er al positions . when the de vice is po w ered-do wn, the last wiper position stored will be maintained in the non v olatile memor y . when po w er is restored, the contents of the memor y are recalled and the wiper is set to the v alue last stored. instructions and programming the inc , u/ d and cs inputs control the mo v ement of the wiper along the resistor arr a y . with cs set lo w the de vice is selected and enab led to respond to the u/ d and inc inputs . high to lo w tr ansitions on inc will increment or decrement (depending on the state of the u/ d input) a se v en bit counter . the output of this counter is decoded to select one of thir ty tw o wiper positions along the resistiv e arr a y . the v alue of the counter is stored in non v olatile memor y whene v er cs tr ansistions high while the inc input is also high. the system ma y select the X9316, mo v e the wiper and deselect the de vice without ha ving to store the latest wiper position in non v olatile memor y . after the wiper mo v ement is perf or med as descr ibed abo v e and once the ne w position is reached, the system m ust k eep inc lo w while taking cs high. the ne w wiper position will be maintained until changed b y the system or until a po w er-up/do wn cycle recalled the pre viously stored data. this procedure allo ws the system to alw a ys po w er-up to a preset v alue stored in non v olatile memor y; then dur ing system oper ation minor adjustments could be made . the adjustments might be based on user pref erence , system par ameter changes due to temper ature dr ift, etc... the state of u/ d ma y be changed while cs remains lo w . this allo ws the host system to enab le the de vice and then mo v e the wiper up and do wn until the proper tr im is attained. mode selection symbol table cs inc u/ d mode l h wiper up l l wiper down h x store wiper position h x x standby current l x no store, return to standby waveform inputs outputs must be steady will be steady may change from lo w to high will change from lo w to high may change from high to low will change from high to low dont care: changes allo wed changing: state not kno wn n/a center line is high impedance
X9316 rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 4 of 10 www.xicor.com absolute maximum ratings t emper ature under bias .................... C65 c to +135 c stor age temper ature ......................... C65c to +150c v oltage on cs , inc , u/ d , v h , v l and v cc with respect to v ss ......................... C1v to +7v d v = |v h Cv l | X9316w .............................................................. 10v lead temper ature (solder ing 10 seconds) .......... 300c i w (10 seconds) .............................................. 8.8ma comment stresses abo v e those listed under absolute maxim um ratings ma y cause per manent damage to the de vice . this is a stress r ating only and the functional oper ation of the de vice at these or an y other conditions abo v e those listed in the oper ational sections of this speci? cation is not implied. exposure to absolute maxim um r ating conditions f or e xtended per iods ma y aff ect de vice reliability . recommended operating conditions temperature min. max. commercial 0c +70c industrial C40c +85c supply voltage (v cc ) limits X9316 5v 10% X9316-2.7 2.7v to 5.5v potentiometer characteristics (ov er recommended oper ating conditions unless otherwise stated.) notes: (1) absolute linear ity is utiliz ed to deter mine actual wiper v oltage v ersus e xpected v oltage = (v w(n) (actual)v w(n) (e xpected)) = 1 ml maxim um. (2) relativ e linear ity is a measure of the error in step siz e betw een taps = r w(n+1) [r w(n) + ml] = 0.2 ml. (3) 1 ml = minim um increment = r t o t /31. symbol parameter limits test conditions/notes min. typ. max. units end to end resistance tolerance 20 % v vh v h terminal voltage vC v+ v v vl v l terminal voltage vC v+ v v+ analog positive power supply 4.5 5.5 v vC analog negative power supply C4.5 C5.5 v power rating 10 mw r total = 10 k w power rating 16 mw r total = 1 k w r w wiper resistance 100 w i w = 1ma, v cc = 5v i w wiper current 4.4 ma noise -120 dbv ref: 1khz resolution 3 % absolute linearity (1) 1 mi (3) r w(n)(actual) r w(n)(expected) relative linearity (2) 0.2 mi (3) r w(n+1) [r w(n)+mi ] r total temperature coefficient 300 ppm/c ratiometric temperature coefficient 20 ppm/c c h /c l /c w potentiometer capacitances 10/10/25 pf see circuit #3
X9316 rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 5 of 10 www.xicor.com d.c. operating characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified.) endurance and data retention notes: (4) t ypical v alues are f or t a = 25c and nominal supply v oltage . (5) this par ameter is per iodically sampled and not 100% tested. symbol parameter limits units test conditions min. typ. (4) max. i cc v cc active current 1 3 ma cs = v il , u/ d = v il or v ih and inc = 0.4v/2.4v @ max. t cyc i sb standby supply current 1 a cs = v cc C 0.3v, u/ d and inc = v ss or v cc C 0.3v i v+ (5) v + supply current 1 ma cs = v il , u/ d = v il or v ih and inc = 0.4v/2.4v @ max. t cyc i vC (5) v C supply current 1 ma cs = v il , u/ d = v il or v ih and inc = 0.4v/2.4v @ max. t cyc i li cs , inc , u/ d input leakage current 10 a v in = v ss to v cc v ih cs , inc , u/ d input high voltage 2 v cc + 1 v v il cs , inc , u/ d input low voltage C1 0.8 v c in (5) cs , inc , u/ d input capacitance 10 pf v cc = 5v, v in = v ss , t a = 25c, f = 1mhz parameter min. units minimum endurance 100,000 data changes per bit data retention 100 years test circuit #1 test circuit #2 circuit #3 spice macromodel test point v w /r w v h /r h v l /r l v s force current v l v w test point v h /r h v w /r w v l /r l c h c l r w 10pf 10pf r h r l r total c w 25pf
X9316 rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 6 of 10 www.xicor.com a.c. conditions of test input pulse levels 0v to 3v input rise and fall times 10ns input reference levels 1.5v a.c. operating characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified) power up and down requirements there are no restr ictions on the sequencing of bias supplies v cc , v+, and v - pro vided that all three supplies reach their ? nal v alues within 1msec of each other . at all times , v oltages on the potentiometer pins m ust be less than v+ and more than v -. the recall of the wiper position from non v olatile memor y is not in eff ect until all supplies reach their ? nal v alue . the v cc r amp r ate spec is alw a ys in eff ect. a.c. timing notes: (6) t ypical v alues are f or t a = 25c and nominal supply v oltage . (7) this par ameter is sample tested. (8) mi in the a.c . timing diag r am ref ers to the minim um incremental change in the v w output due to a change in the wiper position. symbol parameter limits units min. typ. (6) max. t cl cs to inc setup 100 ns t ld inc high to u/ d change 100 ns t di u/ d to inc setup 2.9 s t ll inc low period 1 s t lh inc high period 1 s t lc inc inactive to cs inactive 1 s t cph cs deselect time (no store) 100 ns t cph cs deselect time (store) 10 ms t iw inc to vw change 1 5 s t cyc inc cycle time 4 s t r , t f (7) inc input rise and fall time 500 s t pu (7) power up to wiper stable 5 s t r v cc (7) v cc power-up rate 0.2 50 v/ms t wr store cycle 5 10 ms cs inc u/ d v w t ci t il t ih t cyc t id t di t iw mi (8) t ic t cph t f t r 10% 90% 90%
X9316 rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 7 of 10 www.xicor.com applications information electronic digitally-controlled (xdcp) potentiometers pro vide three po w erful application adv antages; (1) the v ar iability and reliability of a solid-state potentiometer , (2) the ? e xibility of computer-based digital controls , and (3) the retentivity of non v olatile memor y used f or the stor age of m ultiple potentiometer settings or data. basic configurations of electronic potentiometers basic circuits v r v w v r i three ter minal potentiometer ; v ar iab le v oltage divider t w o ter minal v ar iab le resistor ; v ar iab le current v h v l cascading t ec hniques buff ered ref erence v olta ge C + +5v r 1 +v C5v v w v ref v out op-07 v w v w +v +v +v x (a) (b) v out = v w nonin ver ting amplif ier + C v s v o r 2 r 1 v o = (1+r 2 /r 1 )v s lm308a v olta ge regulator r 1 r 2 i adj v o (reg) = 1.25v (1+r 2 /r 1 )+i adj r 2 v o (reg) v in 317 offset v olta ge adjustment + C v s v o r 2 r 1 100k w 10k w 10k w 10k w -12v +12v tl072 comparator with hysterisis v ul = {r 1 /(r 1 +r 2 )} v o (max) v ll = {r 1 /(r 1 +r 2 )} v o (min) + C v s v o r 2 r 1 } } lt311a +5v C5v (for additional circuits see an115)
X9316 rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 8 of 10 www.xicor.com packaging information note: 1. all dimensions in inches (in parentheses in millimeters) 2. package dimensions exclude molding flash 0.020 (0.51) 0.016 (0.41) 0.150 (3.81) 0.125 (3.18) 0.325 (8.26) 0.300 (7.62) 0.110 (2.79) 0.090 (2.29) 0.720 (18.29) 0.640 (16.26) 0.600 (15.24) ref. pin 1 index 0.145 (3.68) 0.128 (0.51) 0.025 (0.64) 0.015 (0.38) pin 1 seating plane 0.065 (1.65) 0.045 (1.14) 0.260 (6.60) 0.240 (6.10) 0.060 (1.52) 0.050 (1.27) 0 15 14-lead plastic dual in-line package type p typ. 0.010 (0.25) half shoulder width on all end pins optional 0.015 (0.38) max.
X9316 rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 characteristics subject to change without notice. 9 of 10 www.xicor.com packaging information 0.150 (3.80) 0.158 (4.00) 0.228 (5.80) 0.244 (6.20) 0.014 (0.35) 0.020 (0.51) pin 1 pin 1 index 0.050 (1.27) 0.336 (8.55) 0.345 (8.75) 0.004 (0.10) 0.010 (0.25) 0.053 (1.35) 0.069 (1.75) (4x) 7 14-lead plastic small outline gullwing package type s note: all dimensions in inches (in parentheses in millimeters) 0.250" 0.050" t ypical 0.050" t ypical 0.030" t ypical 14 places footprint 0.010 (0.25) 0.020 (0.50) 0.016 (0.410) 0.037 (0.937) 0.0075 (0.19) 0.010 (0.25) 0 C 8 x 45
X9316 characteristics subject to change without notice. 10 of 10 limited w arranty de vices sold b y xicor , inc. are co v ered b y the w arr anty and patent indemni? cation pro visions appear ing in its t er ms of sale only . xicor , inc. mak es no w arr anty , e xpress , statutor y , implied, or b y descr iption regarding the inf or mation set f or th herein or regarding the freedom of the descr ibed de vices from patent infr ingement. xicor , inc. mak es no w arr anty of merchantability or ? tness f or an y pur pose . xicor , inc. reser v es the r ight to discontin ue production and change speci? cations and pr ices at an y time and without notice . xicor , inc. assumes no responsibility f or the use of an y circuitr y other than circuitr y embodied in a xicor , inc. product. no other circuits , patents , or licenses are implied. trademark disclaimer: xicor and the xicor logo are registered tr ademar ks of xicor , inc. a utostore , direct wr ite , bloc k loc k, ser ialflash, mps , and xdcp are also tr ademar ks of xicor , inc. all other s belong to their respectiv e o wners . u .s. p a tents xicor products are co v ered b y one or more of the f ollo wing u .s . p atents: 4,326,134; 4,393,481; 4,404,475; 4,450,402; 4,486,769; 4,488,060; 4,520,461; 4,533,846; 4,599,706; 4,617,652; 4,668,932; 4,752,912; 4,829,482; 4,874,967; 4,883,976; 4,980,859; 5,012,132; 5,003,197; 5,023,694; 5,084,667; 5,153,880; 5,153,691; 5,161,137; 5,219,774; 5,270,927; 5,324,676; 5,434,396; 5,544,103; 5,587,573; 5,835,409; 5,977,585. f oreign patents and additional patents pending. life rela ted policy in situations where semiconductor component f ailure ma y endanger lif e , system designers using this product should design the system with appropr iate error detection and correction, redundancy and bac k-up f eatures to pre v ent such an occurrence . xicor s products are not author iz ed f or use in cr itical components in lif e suppor t de vices or systems . 1. lif e suppor t de vices or systems are de vices or systems which, (a) are intended f or surgical implant into the body , or (b) suppor t or sustain lif e , and whose f ailure to perf or m, when proper ly used in accordance with instr uctions f or use pro vided in the labeling, can be reasonab ly e xpected to result in a signi? cant injur y to the user . 2. a cr itical component is an y component of a lif e suppor t de vice or system whose f ailure to perf or m can be reasonab ly e xpected to cause the f ailure of the lif e suppor t de vice or system, or to aff ect its saf ety or eff ectiv eness . ?xicor, inc. 2000 patents pending rev 1.1.2 10/15/00 www.xicor.com ordering information physical characteristics mar king includes man uf acturer s t r ademar k resistance v alue or code date code X9316x x x temperature range blank = commercial = 0 c to +70 c package p = 14-lead plastic dip x v cc range blank = 4.5v to 5.5v s = 14-lead soic 3 = 3v to 5.5v i = industrial = C40c to +85c m = military = C55c to +125c end to end resistance z = 1k w w = 10k w
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